In the United States, approximately 55% of resected gallbladder cancer (GBC) patients undergo oncologic surgery without additional systemic treatment. However, as GBC progresses to the advanced tumor sizes T3 (locally or regionally advanced) or T4 (cancer has usually spread to distant places in the body) category, the tumor frequently infiltrates adjacent organs, leading to the consideration of different therapeutic strategies, including major liver resection alone or combined by adjacent organs (duodenum, stomach and colon) or vascular structures (removal of the tumor extends beyond the primary site) with chemotherapy and radiotherapy either before or after surgery.
This article was originally published on MedicalXpress.com
